Very Short Question and Answers - Types of Farming

Primitive Subsistence Farming is a basic, traditional form of farming practiced on small patches of land using simple tools and family/community labor, mainly for self-consumption.

Shifting cultivation is practiced in Assam, Meghalaya, and Odisha.

It is known as 'Jhumming' in North-East India.

It uses traditional methods and simple tools, and depends on natural factors such as rainfall and soil fertility.

The main aim is self-consumption, not for sale in the market.

Intensive Subsistence Farming involves cultivating small land holdings intensively through large labor input and use of fertilizers, usually in areas with high population density.

West Bengal, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.

Primitive Subsistence uses simple tools and is entirely dependent on nature, while Intensive Subsistence uses fertilizers, improved seeds, and manual labor for higher productivity.

Rice is the main crop grown.

Multiple Cropping is growing two or three crops annually on the same land, commonly practiced in Intensive Subsistence Farming.

Surplus is sold in the local market, after meeting the family’s own needs.

Commercial Farming is a modern, large-scale farming method aimed at selling produce in national or international markets, using machines and scientific techniques.

Large land holdings, use of machines, chemical fertilizers, high-yield seeds, more capital, and less manual labor.

Tea in Assam and Kerala, and Coffee in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

Monoculture is the cultivation of a single crop on a large scale; it is common in Commercial Farming.

Punjab and Haryana.

Plantation Agriculture focuses on a single cash crop mainly for export and is carried out on large estates using modern inputs.

Commercial Farming relies most on machines and technology.

(a) Podu - Andhra Pradesh, (b) Kumari - Western Ghats, (c) Bewar - Madhya Pradesh.

Because farming types are influenced by local geography, climate, population pressure, and level of technological and economic development.