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Very Short Question and Answers - Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds

Q 1.
What does 'nomenclature' mean in chemistry?

Ans:

In chemistry, nomenclature means the system of naming chemical compounds according to specific rules to ensure clarity and uniformity.

Q 2.
Which organization sets the international rules for naming organic compounds?

Ans:

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) sets the rules for naming organic compounds.

Q 3.
What is the root name of a carbon compound based on?

Ans:

The root name is based on the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the molecule.

Q 4.
Give the root name for a molecule containing 6 carbon atoms.

Ans:

The root name is 'hex-' for 6 carbon atoms.

Q 5.
What suffix is used for an alkane?

Ans:

The suffix '-ane' is used for an alkane, which has only single bonds between carbon atoms.

Q 6.
How is an alkene different from an alkyne in terms of bonding and naming?

Ans:

An alkene contains at least one double bond and uses the suffix '-ene', while an alkyne has at least one triple bond and uses the suffix '-yne'.

Q 7.
What functional group does the suffix ‘-ol’ indicate?

Ans:

The suffix ‘-ol’ indicates the presence of an alcohol functional group (-OH).

Q 8.
Name the IUPAC name for CH₃CH₂OH.

Ans:

The IUPAC name is ethanol.

Q 9.
What is the IUPAC name for CH₃CH₂CH₂Cl?

Ans:

The IUPAC name is 1-chloropropane.

Q 10.
Which suffix is used for an aldehyde in IUPAC nomenclature?

Ans:

The suffix '-al' is used for aldehydes.

Q 11.
Identify the functional group in CH₃COCH₃ and give its IUPAC suffix.

Ans:

CH₃COCH₃ contains a ketone group, which uses the suffix '-one'.

Q 12.
What is the IUPAC name for CH₃CH=CH₂?

Ans:

The IUPAC name is prop-1-ene (or simply propene).

Q 13.
When numbering the carbon chain, from which end do you start?

Ans:

Number the carbon chain from the end that gives the functional group, double/triple bond, or substituent the lowest possible number.

Q 14.
How do you name a compound with two methyl groups on the second and third carbon of butane?

Ans:

The compound is named 2,3-dimethylbutane.

Q 15.
Write the IUPAC name for BrCH₂CH₂Br.

Ans:

The IUPAC name is 1,2-dibromoethane.

Q 16.
What prefix is used for a bromo substituent in a compound?

Ans:

The prefix 'bromo-' is used for a bromo substituent.

Q 17.
State the IUPAC name for the compound with formula CH₃CH₃.

Ans:

The IUPAC name is ethane.

Q 18.
Why is it important to follow lowest number rule while naming?

Ans:

The lowest number rule ensures that the main functional group or substituent gets the smallest possible number, making the name unique and unambiguous.

Q 19.
Which part of the compound name shows the presence of a carboxylic acid group?

Ans:

The suffix '-oic acid' shows the presence of a carboxylic acid group.

Q 20.
What is the IUPAC name for CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH?

Ans:

The IUPAC name is butanoic acid.

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