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Very Short Question and Answers - Types and Distribution of Forest and Wildlife Resources

Q 1.
Which law classifies India’s forests, and what are the three categories?

Ans:

The Indian Forest Act, 1927 classifies forests into Reserved Forests, Protected Forests, and Unclassed Forests.

Q 2.
What defines Reserved Forests in India?

Ans:

Reserved Forests are strictly protected by the government, with commercial activities like cutting trees, grazing, and hunting highly restricted.

Q 3.
What proportion of India’s total forest area is covered by Reserved Forests?

Ans:

About 53% of the total forest area.

Q 4.
Give any two examples of Reserved Forests with their states.

Ans:

Satpura National Park (Madhya Pradesh) and Simlipal Reserved Forest (Odisha).

Q 5.
What is special about the Sundarbans, and which iconic species lives there?

Ans:

The Sundarbans is a mangrove forest and home to the Royal Bengal Tiger.

Q 6.
Which rare species is mentioned from Simlipal Reserved Forest?

Ans:

Black panthers.

Q 7.
Rajaji Reserved Forest in Uttarakhand is known for which animals?

Ans:

Elephants and leopards.

Q 8.
How are Protected Forests different from Reserved Forests?

Ans:

Protected Forests are partially protected; local people can use resources under certain regulations, unlike the stricter controls in Reserved Forests.

Q 9.
What percentage of India’s forest area is under Protected Forests?

Ans:

About 29% of the total forest area.

Q 10.
Name two Protected Forests and the key wildlife they are known for.

Ans:

Palamau Forest (Jharkhand) for tigers and elephants; Gir Protected Forest (Gujarat) for Asiatic lions.

Q 11.
What is notable about Ranthambore’s status over time?

Ans:

It was originally a protected forest and is now a famous national park for tigers.

Q 12.
What are Unclassed Forests and who controls them?

Ans:

Unclassed Forests are those not under reserved or protected categories; they may be controlled by local communities, private owners, or the government.

Q 13.
In which regions are Unclassed Forests largely found?

Ans:

Mostly in northeastern states and tribal regions, such as Meghalaya and Nagaland.

Q 14.
Which farming practice is commonly associated with Unclassed Forests in Manipur and Mizoram?

Ans:

Shifting cultivation (Jhum farming).

Q 15.
Where and when did the Chipko Movement begin, and who led it?

Ans:

It began in Uttarakhand in the 1970s and was led by Sunderlal Bahuguna.

Q 16.
What method did Chipko activists use and what were they opposing?

Ans:

They hugged trees to stop them from being cut by timber contractors.

Q 17.
What was one major outcome of the Chipko Movement?

Ans:

It led to stricter forest conservation laws.

Q 18.
Why is the Bishnoi community significant in conservation history?

Ans:

In 1730, Amrita Devi and 363 Bishnoi villagers sacrificed their lives to protect Khejri trees, inspiring stronger conservation laws.

Q 19.
What is the Joint Forest Management (JFM) program and when was it launched?

Ans:

JFM, launched in 1988, encourages villagers and forest departments to work together in forest conservation; it has been successful in Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and West Bengal.

Q 20.
What are sacred groves, where are they found, and how do they aid conservation?

Ans:

Sacred groves are forests protected as sacred lands dedicated to deities and spirits, found in Karnataka, Meghalaya, Himachal Pradesh, and Maharashtra; they help prevent deforestation.

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