Very Short Question and Answers - Protocols

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. Its main function is exchanging files between two or more computers on the Internet over TCP/IP protocols.

In an FTP transfer, one computer acts as the server and the other as the client.

An FTP server is a computer that has an FTP address and manages clients' requests for FTP connections, helping to transfer data to and from clients over the Internet.

An FTP client initiates a request to the FTP server using the FTP protocol and manages file and folder transfers once the connection is established.

You need FTP client software, the web address of the FTP server, and in most cases a username and password, though some servers allow guest access.

ftp://ftp.freestone.net/ and ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/ are examples of FTP server addresses.

FileZilla and WinSCP are two FTP client programs mentioned.

Open Windows Explorer, type the FTP server address in the address bar, copy and paste files or folders to upload/download, and close the window once done.

SSH stands for Secure Socket Shell and it is mainly used for securing data transfer over an unsecured network by encrypting the connection.

SSH ensures secure data transfer by authenticating both the server and client and encrypting the data transmitted through protocols like SFTP and SCP.

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) authenticates both server and client, establishes a secure channel, and encrypts both data and commands during transfer.

SFTP encrypts data and commands before transmission, providing data protection against threats, while FTP sends data in text form, which is less secure.

SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) transfers files in encrypted form between two connected machines, using SSH for authentication and confidentiality.

Cryptography generates codes to keep information secret and is used by protocols like SFTP for encryption and data integrity verification.

SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, and its primary function is transferring e-mails between servers or from e-mail clients to servers.

SMTP can only send text and cannot transmit pictures, sounds, or movies.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3) is used to retrieve e-mails from a remote server using a local client after configuring the correct mail server address and login credentials.

ESMTP (Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) extends SMTP functionality by allowing multimedia files to be sent as e-mail attachments.

Telnet is used for accessing a remote computer and provides a character-based terminal window on another system.

Open Control Panel, click Programs, select 'Turn Windows features on or off', check the Telnet Client option, and click OK.