Very Short Question and Answers - Excretion

The biological process involved in the removal of harmful metabolic wastes from the body is called excretion.

The excretory system of human beings includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.

The kidneys are located in the abdomen, one on either side of the backbone.

The purpose of making urine is to filter out waste products from the blood.

The basic filtration unit in the kidneys is called a nephron.

Unicellular organisms excrete wastes by simple diffusion from the body surface into the surrounding water.

Bowman’s capsule is a cup-shaped end of a coiled tube that collects the filtrate in the kidney.

Glucose, amino acids, salts, and a major amount of water are selectively reabsorbed as the urine flows along the tube.

The urinary bladder stores urine until the urge to pass it out through the urethra is felt.

An artificial kidney is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood through dialysis.

In dialysis, waste products from the blood pass into the dialysing fluid by diffusion.

Organ donation is the act of giving an organ to a person who suffers from non-function of organ(s).

Yes, some organs such as kidneys, part of a liver, or lung can be donated while the donor is alive.

Plants can excrete waste products through transpiration, storage in vacuoles, and shedding of leaves.

Transpiration is the process through which plants release excess water.

Many plant waste products are stored in cellular vacuoles or may be stored in leaves that fall off.

The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much excess water is in the body and how much dissolved waste needs to be excreted.

Kidneys filter out nitrogenous wastes such as urea and uric acid from the blood.

Common transplantations include kidneys, corneas, heart, liver, pancreas, lungs, intestines, and bone marrow.

It is necessary to remove metabolic wastes to prevent the accumulation of harmful substances that can be toxic to the body.