Very Short Question and Answers - Animal Husbandry - Cattle Farming

Animal husbandry is the scientific management of animal livestock, involving aspects like feeding, breeding, and disease control.

Cattle farming is primarily done for two purposes: milk production and draught labor for agricultural work.

Indian cattle belong to two species: Bos indicus (cows) and Bos bubalis (buffaloes).

Milch animals are milk-producing females in cattle farming.

The lactation period is the duration of milk production after the birth of a calf.

Milk production can be increased by extending the lactation period.

Exotic breeds are foreign cattle breeds selected for desirable traits such as long lactation periods, e.g., Jersey and Brown Swiss.

Local breeds, such as Red Sindhi and Sahiwal, are significant for their excellent resistance to diseases.

Cross-breeding involves mating exotic and local breeds to produce offspring with desired qualities from both.

Proper cleaning and shelter are essential for humane treatment, animal health, and the production of clean milk.

The two types of food requirements are maintenance requirement and milk producing requirement.

Roughage refers to fiber-rich food that is a significant part of animal feed.

Concentrates are low-fiber feed that contains high levels of proteins and other nutrients.

Balanced rations contain all necessary nutrients in proportionate amounts for optimal health and productivity.

Feed additives, containing micronutrients, promote the health and milk output of dairy animals.

Cattle can suffer from various diseases caused by external and internal parasites, as well as infectious diseases from bacteria and viruses.

External parasites live on the skin of cattle and can cause skin diseases.

Internal parasites, such as worms and flukes, affect the stomach, intestines, and liver of cattle.

Vaccinations are administered to farm animals to protect them against major viral and bacterial diseases.

A healthy animal feeds regularly and maintains a normal posture.