Improvement in Crop Yields – Long Answer Questions

Medium Level (Application & Explanation)

Answer:

Cereals give carbohydrates, which provide energy for daily work.
Pulses give proteins, which help in growth and repair of the body.
Oil seeds give fats, which provide energy and help absorb vitamins.
Fruits and vegetables give vitamins and minerals, which keep us healthy and prevent diseases.
Growing all types ensures nutritional balance for the community.
It also spreads risk for farmers, as different crops face different climate and pest risks.
It helps meet market demand and supports food security for all.

Answer:

Kharif crops are grown from June to October, during the rainy season.
Examples: Paddy, Soybean, Maize, Cotton, Pigeon Pea, Green Gram, Black Gram.
Rabi crops are grown from November to April, in the winter season.
Examples: Wheat, Gram, Peas, Mustard, Linseed.
Rainfall, temperature, and day length in each season decide which crop will grow better.
Farmers choose crops that match the seasonal climate to get higher yields and reduce loss.

Answer:

Climate sets the overall weather pattern needed for a crop to survive.
Temperature affects germination, growth rate, and flowering of plants.
Photoperiod is the length of daylight the plant receives each day.
It controls many processes like flowering and maturity time.
Sunlight is vital because plants make food by photosynthesis.
In photosynthesis, plants use sunlight to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
Correct light and temperature help plants grow healthy and give good yield.

Answer:

Stage 1: Choice of Seeds. Farmers select best-quality seeds that are healthy and suitable for the season.
Good seeds give better germination and higher yield.
Stage 2: Nurturing the Crop Plants. This includes proper sowing, watering, and supplying nutrients as needed.
Farmers also keep fields clean and manage weeds and spacing.
Stage 3: Protection of Crops. Farmers protect plants from pests, diseases, and adverse weather.
Timely monitoring and quick action reduce loss and improve production.

Answer:

The rise came from better farming practices, not just more land.
Farmers used crop variety improvement, which means better seeds with higher yield.
They improved crop production methods like timely sowing and better care of plants.
They strengthened crop protection management to reduce loss from pests and diseases.
The three stages—choice of seeds, nurturing, and protection—worked together.
This led to more output from the same area, raising total production.

Answer:

The farmer should choose kharif crops suited to rainy and warm conditions.
Good options are Paddy, Maize, Soybean, Pigeon Pea, Green Gram, and Black Gram.
These crops can use abundant water and warmth for fast growth.
Paddy needs standing water, so it fits monsoon areas well.
Pulses like Green Gram and Black Gram also thrive in kharif with proper drainage.
Choosing crops matched to seasonal climate improves yield and reduces risk.

Answer:

Rabi crops in July face heavy rain and high temperatures.
They may get waterlogged, face disease, and show poor growth.
Kharif crops in December face cool weather and less rain.
They may not get enough warmth or water for proper growth.
The photoperiod and seasonal climate would not match their needs.
As a result, flowering, maturity, and yield are likely to be low.
Right crop-season matching is essential for success.

Answer:

Farm A will likely get higher yield per area.
It uses choice of seeds, nurturing, and protection, the three key stages.
Better seed varieties increase germination and productivity.
Good care improves growth and plant health.
Strong protection lowers loss from pests and diseases.
This mirrors how India raised output with small land increase by improving practices.
Farm B may grow slower because land alone does not ensure higher yield.

Answer:

First, do regular monitoring to detect pests early.
Identify the affected area and act quickly to stop spread.
Remove and destroy badly affected plants to reduce source of pests.
Use safe and recommended control measures in the right time and dose.
Protect beneficial organisms and avoid overuse of chemicals.
Keep the field clean and control weeds that host pests.
These steps reduce damage and keep the food safe for people.

Answer:

Grow kharif cereals like Paddy or Maize for energy needs.
Grow kharif pulses like Pigeon Pea, Green Gram, or Black Gram for proteins.
In rabi, grow Wheat, Gram, and Peas to add more carbohydrates and proteins.
Include oil seeds like Soybean, Mustard, or Linseed for fats.
Keep space for fruits and vegetables for vitamins and minerals across seasons.
Plant fodder crops like Berseem, Oats, or Sudan Grass for livestock.
This plan balances nutrition, ensures year-round supply, and supports farm animals.