Very Short Question and Answers - Irrigation and Cropping Patterns
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Ans:
Most agriculture in India is rain-fed, meaning it relies heavily on timely monsoons and sufficient rainfall.
Poor monsoons can cause crop failure due to inadequate water supply.
Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at the right stages during their growing season, which can significantly increase crop yields.
Droughts occur due to scarce or irregular rainfall and pose a threat to rain-fed farming areas, adversely affecting crop production.
Light soils, which have less water retention capacity, are more adversely affected by drought conditions.
There are two types of wells: dug wells and tube wells.
A dug well collects water from shallow water-bearing strata, while a tube well taps water from deeper strata.
Canals are an elaborate irrigation system that receives water from reservoirs or rivers and distributes it through branches to irrigate fields.
River lift systems are used to draw water directly from rivers for irrigation in areas where canal flow is insufficient or irregular.
Tanks are small storage reservoirs that intercept and store runoff from smaller catchment areas.
Initiatives include rainwater harvesting and watershed management, which involve building check-dams to increase groundwater levels.
Mixed cropping is the practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same piece of land to reduce risk and ensure better yields.
Inter-cropping involves growing two or more crops in a definite pattern, alternating rows of different crops to maximize nutrient use and prevent pests.
Crop rotation is the practice of growing different crops on the same piece of land in a pre-planned succession to optimize soil health and crop yields.
The availability of moisture and irrigation facilities determines the choice of crop cultivated after one harvest in crop rotation.
Mixed cropping reduces risk and provides insurance against the failure of one of the crops.
Inter-cropping ensures maximum nutrient utilization and prevents the spread of pests and diseases among crops.
Examples of mixed cropping include combinations like wheat + gram, or groundnut + sunflower.
With proper crop rotation, two or three crops can be grown in a year with good harvests.
Check-dams help to stop rainwater from flowing away, increase groundwater levels, and reduce soil erosion.