Very Short Question and Answers - The Russian Revolution

The Russian Empire was an absolute monarchy ruled by Tsar Nicholas II.

The main social classes included the nobility, bourgeoisie (middle class), peasants, and the proletariat (working class).

'Russification' was a policy aimed at spreading Russian culture and suppressing non-Russian ethnic identities within the empire.

The 1905 Revolution was primarily triggered by grievances over the Russo-Japanese War and widespread social and economic discontent.

The October Manifesto was a decree issued by Tsar Nicholas II in 1905, promising constitutional reforms and the establishment of a Duma.

The Bolsheviks and Mensheviks emerged from the split in the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.

Women played significant roles in the Russian Revolution, participating in protests and strikes, particularly for bread and peace.

World War I caused severe economic strain, military defeats, food shortages, and contributed to social unrest that led to the revolution.

Tsar Nicholas II attempted to suppress unrest through military force, but ultimately he abdicated the throne in 1917.

Vladimir Lenin led the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution in 1917.

The slogan promised an end to the war, land reforms for peasants, and food for the starving populace.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed in 1918 between the Bolshevik government and the Central Powers, ending Russia's involvement in World War I.

War Communism was a policy implemented by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War that included state control of industries and requisitioning of agricultural produce.

The Red Army was formed by the Bolsheviks to defend their government during the Russian Civil War against the White Army and other opposition groups.

The White Army was a coalition of anti-Bolshevik forces that fought against the Red Army in the Russian Civil War.

Propaganda was crucial in promoting the Bolshevik ideology, rallying support, and justifying radical changes during and after the revolution.

The New Economic Policy (NEP) was introduced by the Bolsheviks in 1921, allowing some capitalist principles to stimulate the economy.

The outcome of the Russian Civil War was the consolidation of Bolshevik power and the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922.

The 1917 Revolution led to the overthrow of the Tsarist autocracy and the establishment of a Bolshevik-led government, initiating a significant shift towards socialist governance.

The Kronstadt Rebellion in 1921 was significant as it highlighted growing discontent among former Bolshevik supporters and exposed the increasing authoritarianism of the Bolshevik regime.