Very Short Question and Answers - Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a specialized tissue that makes up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body.

The two main types of cells in nervous tissue are neurons and glial cells (neuroglia).

Neurons are responsible for transmitting information in the form of electrical impulses across the nervous system.

A synapse is a junction between two neurons where the transmission of signals occurs through neurotransmitters.

The primary types of neurons are sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.

Sensory neurons are responsible for carrying signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system.

Motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles or glands to elicit a response.

Interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system, facilitating communication.

Myelin sheaths insulate axons of neurons to increase the speed of electrical signal transmission.

The central nervous system, comprising the brain and spinal cord, processes information and coordinates activity throughout the body.

The peripheral nervous system includes all the nerves outside the central nervous system; it connects the CNS to limbs and organs.

Neurotransmitters are chemical substances released at synapses that transmit signals between neurons.

Nervous tissue has limited regenerative ability; peripheral nerves can regenerate to some extent, while central nervous system injuries usually result in permanent damage.

The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from potential toxins and pathogens in the bloodstream while allowing necessary nutrients to pass.

Disorders associated with nervous tissue include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injuries.

The nervous system communicates with the endocrine system through neuroendocrine cells, which release hormones in response to nerve signals.

The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate.