Very Short Question and Answers - The Judiciary

The Supreme Court serves as the highest court of appeal in civil and criminal cases and has the authority to hear disputes between citizens, and between citizens and the government.

An independent judiciary implies that the judiciary is not under the control of the legislature or the executive, and judges make decisions based solely on the law.

The four levels are the Supreme Court, High Courts, District Courts, and local courts.

Integrated judiciary means that the Supreme Court controls the judicial administration in the country, and its decisions are binding on all other courts.

Judicial review is the power of the judiciary to declare invalid any law or action by the legislature or executive that is found to be against the Constitution.

Judges are appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

No, it is extremely difficult to remove a judge once appointed; it requires an impeachment motion passed separately by two-thirds of the members of both Houses of Parliament.

The senior-most judge is usually appointed as the Chief Justice, influencing the selection of new judges and maintaining the independence of the judiciary.

Fundamental Rights are basic rights guaranteed to all citizens, and the judiciary acts as a guardian of these rights, allowing citizens to seek remedy in case of violations.

PIL is a legal practice where individuals can approach the courts if public interest is harmed by the actions of the government.

The Supreme Court can hear disputes between citizens, between citizens and the government, between state governments, and between Union and State governments.

The judiciary is essential as it maintains checks and balances, judges government actions, and protects citizens' rights and liberties.

No, the Supreme Court has ruled that the core or basic principles of the Constitution cannot be changed by Parliament.

The judiciary enjoys a high level of confidence among the people, as it serves to check government misuse of power and protect human rights.

If someone does not accept a judgement, it undermines the authority of the judiciary; however, the decisions are binding and must be respected in the legal system.

A judge can be removed through an impeachment motion that must be passed separately by a two-thirds majority in both Houses of Parliament.

The judiciary can declare laws and actions of the legislature and executive invalid if they violate the Constitution, thereby checking their powers.

It is sensitive because the independence and impartiality of the judiciary depend significantly on how judges are appointed and protected from political influence.

High Courts serve as the principal civil and criminal court for states and can hear appeals from lower courts, also overseeing judicial administration within their jurisdiction.

Judicial decisions can significantly impact public policy by enforcing rights, setting legal precedents, and holding the government accountable for its actions.